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Sugar

 

Description 

Most people like the taste of sugar. It's a flavoring agent and provides structure in many foods and beverages. It is listed under various names on labels. They include corn syrup, sucrose, honey, fructose, fruit juice concentrate, and molasses.

Sugar is a simple carbohydrate. There are two types of sugars - monosaccharides, which include glucose, fructose and galactose, are made of one sugar molecule, and disaccharides are made of two sugar molecules linked together. Disaccharides are formed when monosaccharides combine - for example, when glucose and fructose are combined, they form sucrose, also known as table sugar. Other disaccharides include maltose, dextrose and lactose. When many sugar molecules are linked together, they form a complex carbohydrate, also known as a starch.   

Functions

Sugar provides the sweet flavor to foods to which it has been added, and it may also act as a preservative and flavor enhancer. Sugar is used in a variety of foods, including cookies, cakes, pickles, ice cream, alcohol and jams and jellies. Types of sugar include raw sugar, brown sugar, honey, molasses, maple sugar and corn syrup.

Sugar, which provides 16 calories per teaspoon, provides no vitamins and minerals, so it's a good idea to use it in moderation. Overconsumption of sugar, like other carbohydrates, has been linked to the development of cavities. However, sugar consumption has not been linked to hyperactivity in children. A high intake of sugar does not cause diabetes, but if a person is diagnosed with diabetes the amount of simple sugar eaten daily often needs to be reduced.

EFFECTS

  • Energy - Sugar, as one form of carbohydrate, is a source of energy.
  • Weight management - There are 16 calories in a teaspoon of sugar. Someone drinking four cans or bottles of soda gets 500 to 1200 calories a day or over 30% of their daily caloric allowance from pop.
  • Teeth - The American Dental Association states that sugar products may contribute to cavities, especially if eaten as snacks or candies that are sucked.